Ant lions are in the order Neuroptera, family Myrmeleontidae. You may recognize them by their common name doodlebug. The common name, doodlebug, is based on the behavior of the pit-making larvae of the genus Myrmeleon Linnaeus. Adult ant lions are sometimes mistaken for dragonflies or damselflies, but they can be distinguished by their having clubbed antennae and distinctive wing patterns. Ant lions are very common in the Southwestern US, but are also found throughout the south. Ant lions exhibit complete metamorphosis and so have egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. Adults are winged and are typically 35-40 mm long. The name "ant lion" comes from the long, sickle-like mandibles of the larvae which are used to pierce prey and suck fluids out of their victim's body. The larvae are grayish-brown in color.
Although most antlion larvae live in sand or loose soil, some species have specialized microhabitats. Both Glenurus gratus (Say) and Dendroleon obsoletus (Say) live in dry tree holes. D. obsoletus is also commonly found in gopher tortoise burrows along the Gulf Coast. Psammoleon minor Banks larvae live under palm fronds on beaches.
Antlion adults can be found during the day on dry grasses and dry bush stems by sweeping a net through these areas. This is best done in the evening or early morning for better visibility as during the bright part of the day they are difficult to see. Adults of the genus Vella rest on tree trunks or on posts.
Chelsea Aldrich & Jeff Siewicki
Insect Biology & Diversity (ENT / BIOSC 301)
Fall 2004
